發(fā)布時(shí)間： 2017年02月23日

新東方：考研英語(yǔ)100句給力寫(xiě)作(二)

26. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia-where an aging population， life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part-other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the U.S. and Canada， where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength， observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.

【寫(xiě)作技法】（1）用地點(diǎn)來(lái)舉例子（2）用where引導(dǎo)的從句充當(dāng)插入語(yǔ)對(duì)前面的地點(diǎn)名詞進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的解釋說(shuō)明。

【翻譯】但是，安樂(lè)死這一潮流趨勢(shì)已經(jīng)無(wú)法逆轉(zhuǎn)。在澳大利亞--人口老齡化、延長(zhǎng)壽命技術(shù)和公眾態(tài)度的變化都發(fā)揮各自的作用--其他各州也將考慮制定類(lèi)似的法律法規(guī)來(lái)處理安樂(lè)死問(wèn)題。在美國(guó)和加拿大，死亡權(quán)利運(yùn)動(dòng)正在積蓄力量，觀察者們正在等待多米諾骨牌效應(yīng)的產(chǎn)生。

27. A report consistently brought back by visitors to the U.S. is how friendly， courteous， and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair， this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians， and should best be considered North American. There are， of course， exceptions. Small-minded officials， rude waiters， and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the U.S. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.

【寫(xiě)作技法】用于引出話(huà)題

【翻譯】去過(guò)美國(guó)的人經(jīng)常帶回來(lái)的報(bào)告稱(chēng)，大多數(shù)美國(guó)人對(duì)他們非常友善、好客并且樂(lè)于助人。平心而論，加拿大和加拿大人也是如此，因此，人們就認(rèn)為北美地區(qū)都是如此。當(dāng)然也有例外。在美國(guó)，心胸狹窄的官員、舉止粗魯?shù)姆?wù)員和舉止粗魯?shù)某鲎廛?chē)司機(jī)也并聞所未聞。盡管如此，但是人們通過(guò)觀察經(jīng)常得出美國(guó)人友善好客的結(jié)論，因此也就有值得討論一番的必要了。

28. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country， a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence.

【寫(xiě)作技法】句中陳述的時(shí)候使用

【翻譯】在過(guò)去很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間里，在美國(guó)很多地區(qū)，旅行者的到來(lái)打破了本地人沉悶單調(diào)的生活，因而很受歡迎。

29. Fortuantely， the White House is starting to pay attention. But it‘s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don‘t take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action， they continue to press for more research-a classic case of “paralysis by analysis.”

【寫(xiě)作技法】1、副詞開(kāi)頭；2、表措施，現(xiàn)象經(jīng)典句子。

【翻譯】幸運(yùn)的是，白宮開(kāi)始關(guān)注這件事了。但是，顯然大多數(shù)總統(tǒng)顧問(wèn)并沒(méi)有認(rèn)真看待全球氣候變暖這個(gè)問(wèn)題。他們沒(méi)有出臺(tái)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，相反知識(shí)繼續(xù)迫切要求進(jìn)行更多的研究--這是一個(gè)經(jīng)典的“分析導(dǎo)致癱瘓”的案例。

30. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone， if hungry， injured， or ill， often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life： if you didn’t take in the stranger and take care of him， there was no one else who would. And someday， remember， you might be in the same situation.

【寫(xiě)作技法】段落結(jié)構(gòu)的有效寫(xiě)作。第一句話(huà)提出本段落中心，隨后詳細(xì)句子闡述，可以進(jìn)行有效仿寫(xiě)練習(xí)。

【翻譯】邊境的這一殘酷現(xiàn)實(shí)也進(jìn)一步促成了這一好客的傳統(tǒng)。人們?cè)讵?dú)自旅行時(shí)，如果缺少食物、受傷或生病，通常只能向附近的小屋或村落求助。對(duì)于旅行者來(lái)說(shuō)，這不是一個(gè)選擇性問(wèn)題，對(duì)于當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駚?lái)說(shuō)，這也并非是一種仁慈的沖動(dòng)。這種情況反映了日常生活的嚴(yán)峻性：如果你不收留他，那么他便無(wú)處可以落腳或求助。并且記住，說(shuō)不定有一天你也會(huì)身處同樣的境地。

31. These days the Net， which has already remade such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail， is reshaping Donovan‘s vocation as well.

【寫(xiě)作技法】非限制性定語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)插入語(yǔ)

【翻譯】如今，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)已經(jīng)完全改變了買(mǎi)書(shū)和寄郵件這樣的日?；顒?dòng)，現(xiàn)在也正在改變多諾文曾經(jīng)從事的這個(gè)職業(yè)。

32. Such observations reported by visitors to the U.S. are not uncommon， but are not always understood properly.

【寫(xiě)作技法】雙重否定表肯定

【翻譯】來(lái)美國(guó)的游客遇到的這種事情還真不少，但是他們并非對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象都能準(zhǔn)確理解。

33. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial， but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.

【寫(xiě)作技法】固定搭配，neither---nor---，轉(zhuǎn)折but表結(jié)論

【翻譯】很多美國(guó)人在不經(jīng)意間所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的友好不應(yīng)該被視為膚淺或做作，而應(yīng)該被視為在歷史發(fā)展過(guò)程中所形成的文化傳統(tǒng)的自然結(jié)果。

34. As is true of any developed society， in America a complex set of cultural signals， assumptions， and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And， of course， speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to “translate” cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example， when an American uses the word “friend”， the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’s language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet， being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.

【寫(xiě)作技法】總論點(diǎn)，分論點(diǎn)，然后用事實(shí)舉例論證，最后用轉(zhuǎn)折下結(jié)論收尾。

【翻譯】同任何發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家一樣，美國(guó)人所有的社會(huì)交往都是以一套復(fù)雜完整的文化特征、信念和習(xí)俗為基礎(chǔ)。當(dāng)然，會(huì)講一種語(yǔ)言并不意味著你就理解該語(yǔ)言的社會(huì)和文化模式。不能正確“詮釋”文化含義的旅行者經(jīng)常得出錯(cuò)誤的結(jié)論。例如，美國(guó)人嘴里所說(shuō)的“朋友”一詞，其所包含的文化含義可能與旅行者母語(yǔ)文化中的“朋友”含義大相徑庭。要想分清稱(chēng)呼“朋友”是出于好客的文化習(xí)俗還是處于個(gè)人興趣，只靠在公共汽車(chē)上的一次萍水相逢是不夠的。然而，友好是很多美國(guó)人推崇備至的美德，同時(shí)他們也希望自己的鄰居和陌生人也能夠如此。

35. Technically， any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug. Many people mistakenly believe that the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts. They don‘t realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs. This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists. The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine.

【寫(xiě)作技法】用be來(lái)下定義。要好好學(xué)習(xí)該段落的逐步分析問(wèn)題解釋誤解原因的寫(xiě)作手法。

【翻譯】嚴(yán)格意義上來(lái)說(shuō)，除了食品之外，任何能夠改變我們生理和心理機(jī)能的物質(zhì)都是藥物。很多人誤認(rèn)為“藥物”這個(gè)詞僅僅指某些藥品或是吸毒者服用的違禁化學(xué)品。他們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到諸如酒精、煙草這些我們所熟悉的物質(zhì)也都是藥物。這也就是為什么現(xiàn)在許多醫(yī)生和心理學(xué)家使用“物質(zhì)”這個(gè)更加中性的詞的原因。他們常用“物質(zhì)濫用”而不用“藥物濫用”來(lái)明確表明，濫用酒精、煙草這類(lèi)物質(zhì)與濫用海洛因和可卡因等物質(zhì)一樣有害。

36. We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances （drugs） is pervasive： an aspirin to quiet a headache， some wine to be sociable， coffee to get going in the morning， a cigarette for the nerves.

【寫(xiě)作技法】（生存大環(huán)境背景的有效描述模板句子）注意，學(xué)會(huì)用冒號(hào)解釋說(shuō)明，特別要注意用短語(yǔ)舉例子，并且兼顧結(jié)構(gòu)平行。

【翻譯】在我們生活的這個(gè)社會(huì)里，物質(zhì)（藥物）在醫(yī)療和社交方面的使用都很廣泛：阿司匹林用來(lái)緩解頭痛，酒用來(lái)社交，早晨醒來(lái)先喝杯咖啡，香煙用來(lái)提神。

37. Hallucinogens have their primary effect on perception， distorting and altering it in a variety of ways including producing hallucinations.

【寫(xiě)作技法】表示“產(chǎn)生主要影響”的句子have the primary effect on sth

【翻譯】迷幻藥主要影響人的感知，通過(guò)各種不同的方式對(duì)感知加以扭曲或改變。

38. No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of nation.

【寫(xiě)作技法】表示“導(dǎo)致---產(chǎn)生原因”的句子

【翻譯】沒(méi)有一家公司愿意聽(tīng)到別人說(shuō)自己導(dǎo)致社會(huì)道德敗壞。

39. It’s a self-examination that has， at various times， involved issues of responsibility， creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.

【寫(xiě)作技法】it強(qiáng)調(diào)句型插入語(yǔ)

【翻譯】這種自我反省涉及到不同時(shí)期關(guān)于責(zé)任、創(chuàng)作自由和公司底線(xiàn)等問(wèn)題。

40. The test of any democratic society lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude， however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won‘t retreat in the face of any threats.

【寫(xiě)作技法】突出強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：---問(wèn)題不在于---而在于----，無(wú)論-----

【翻譯】對(duì)于任何一個(gè)民主社會(huì)的檢驗(yàn)，不在于它如何有效地控制各種言論和情感的表達(dá)，而在于社會(huì)是否給予了人們思考和表達(dá)的最廣泛的自由。

41. Levin would not comment on the debate last week， but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand， at least to some extent.

【寫(xiě)作技法】強(qiáng)調(diào)程度：不---而----，至少在某種程度上是這樣。

【翻譯】萊文不愿意對(duì)上周的爭(zhēng)論做出評(píng)論，但有跡象表明這位董事長(zhǎng)的強(qiáng)硬立場(chǎng)起碼在一定程度上有所松動(dòng)。

42. But he talked as well about the “balanced struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility， and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.

【寫(xiě)作技法】從國(guó)家角度談解決措施

【翻譯】但他也談到了創(chuàng)作自由和社會(huì)責(zé)任之間要“保持平衡”的問(wèn)題。他還宣布，公司將全力為那些可能引起人們反感的音樂(lè)，制定各種發(fā)行和標(biāo)簽的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

43. I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.

【寫(xiě)作技法】問(wèn)題剛被人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，表明問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重性。

【翻譯】但我覺(jué)得公司里的一些人可能是最近才意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)。

44. Much of the language used to describe monetary policy， such as “steering the economy to a soft landing” or a touch on the brakes， makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth. The link between interest rates and inflation is uncertain.

【寫(xiě)作技法】1. make sth do sth；2.事實(shí)并非如此，轉(zhuǎn)折提出后面觀點(diǎn)。

【翻譯】許多用來(lái)描述貨幣政策的語(yǔ)言--像“引導(dǎo)經(jīng)濟(jì)軟著陸”、“經(jīng)濟(jì)踩剎車(chē)”--使貨幣政策聽(tīng)起來(lái)像是一門(mén)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)目茖W(xué)。但事實(shí)并非如此。利率和通貨膨脹之間的關(guān)系尚不明確。

45. Given all these disadvantages， central bankers seem to have had much to boast about of late.

【寫(xiě)作技法】表原因和承上啟下的句子：鑒于----。

【翻譯】雖然有這么多不利因素，但是央行行長(zhǎng)近來(lái)似乎有許多值得夸耀的東西。

46. Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States， since conventional measures suggest that both economies， and especially America’s， have little productive slack. America‘s capacity utilization， for example， hit historically high level earlier this year， and its jobless rate （5.6% in August） has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment--the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.

【寫(xiě)作技法】1、段落寫(xiě)作；2、列數(shù)據(jù)舉例論證觀點(diǎn)；3、破折號(hào)的使用。

【翻譯】經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家對(duì)英美兩國(guó)通貨膨脹所帶來(lái)的良性結(jié)果感到驚訝，因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)計(jì)量方法表明，兩國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)特別是美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)幾乎沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)滑坡。例如，美國(guó)的設(shè)備使用率在今年早些時(shí)候創(chuàng)下歷史新高，失業(yè)率（8月份為5.6%）已經(jīng)降到低于多數(shù)人預(yù)測(cè)的自然失業(yè)率，而在過(guò)去，當(dāng)失業(yè)率低于自然失業(yè)率時(shí)，通貨膨脹早已飆升。

47. Why has inflation proved so mild？ The most thrilling explanation is， unfortunately， a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.

【寫(xiě)作技法】設(shè)問(wèn)寫(xiě)作手法

【翻譯】為什么通貨膨脹會(huì)產(chǎn)生如此溫和的結(jié)果呢？可惜的是，即便是最令人振奮的解釋也有一些缺陷。一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)有力的變化已經(jīng)打破了那個(gè)以經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和通貨膨脹的原有關(guān)聯(lián)為基礎(chǔ)的舊的經(jīng)濟(jì)模式。

48. Perhaps it is humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the idea of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.

【寫(xiě)作技法】強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：it is---that---.

【翻譯】可能正是因?yàn)槿祟?lèi)長(zhǎng)期遭受旱澇災(zāi)害的侵襲，才使得人們?nèi)绱税V迷于治理江河、使洪水聽(tīng)從人類(lèi)調(diào)遣的想法。

49. But to be fascinated is also， sometimes， to be blind.

【寫(xiě)作技法】不定式用法：做主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。

【翻譯】但有些時(shí)候，癡迷也會(huì)造就盲目。

50. It doesn‘t help that building a big， powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves.

【寫(xiě)作技法】it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)由that引導(dǎo)放后面，避免頭重腳輕。

【翻譯】對(duì)于那些竭力彰顯自我的國(guó)家和人民來(lái)說(shuō)，修建高大雄偉的大壩便是某種成就的象征，然而修建大壩其實(shí)并沒(méi)有多大作。