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2016年5月托福閱讀精講復(fù)習(xí)(四)

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  并列連詞

  有關(guān)并列連詞的命題在TOEEL考試中占有極重要的地位。并列連接詞不僅自身是命題的焦點,它還涉及到一些其它的題型,如平行結(jié)構(gòu),詞類、及一致等TOEEL考試要點。一般說來,有關(guān)并列連詞的題目并不深澀,因為連接詞無論在語意上還是結(jié)構(gòu)功能上都并非孤立使用。而且,細察并列連詞的題目,還可尋見其中的命題規(guī)律并列連詞??碱}型及解題要點

  1. 并列連詞 and but or混淆

  解題要點 這類題型主要分面布在written Expression (16-40題中) 當(dāng)A、B、C、D四項選擇中出現(xiàn)單獨的and或but 或or 時,它通常就是此題的焦點,應(yīng)根據(jù)句意判斷此連詞是否用錯。

  全真例題要分析

  (1) Harvesting of grains is affected by annual changes in temperature or in the amount of moisture, but both. (90.1)

  [答案] D 根據(jù)句意,這里并無轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。因此but 應(yīng)改為or。

  (2) Porcelain is not a single clay, and a compound of kaolin. Ball clay, feldspar. And silica. (91.1)

  [答案] C 此句表達的是一個取舍關(guān)系,and應(yīng)改為but. “not…but”是表達轉(zhuǎn)折,到舍含義的固定并列連詞搭配。

  3. The structure or behavior of many protozoans are amazingly comples for single-celled artimals.

  [答案] A 根據(jù)句中復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞are 來判斷,連詞or是錯誤,它表述的概含是兩項之一,應(yīng)用單數(shù)第三人稱動詞。固而or應(yīng)改為and。

  (4) Cayenne popper comes from the seedpot of the pepper plant which is dried or then ground.

  [答案] D 根據(jù)提示詞then,我們可以判斷dried 和ground (grind 的過去分詞,碾碎)是順序先后的兩個動作,并非取舍選擇關(guān)系。固此or應(yīng)改為and。

  2. 并列連接詞詞組

  both…and as…as

  not only …but also not so…as

  either…or the same…as

  neither…nor 比較級(more-re) …than

  so…that to…to常與so…that

  whether…or 混淆搭配

  解題要點;上述并列連詞詞組和短語必須搭配使用,不能承意更換或省略??碱}中如出現(xiàn)上述詞組的任何一部分,則注意另一部分是否正確。

  全真例題分析

  (1) In meteorology. Either formation of clouds and the oreciporddidon of dew rain and snow are known as condensation (93.1)

  [答案] A either改為both,組成both…and詞組

  (2) The survival of a forest depends not only on amount of annual rainfall it receives. And also on the seasonal distribution of the rain.

  [答案] C and改為but,組成not only…but also 詞組

  (3) Lucretia Mott*s influence was too significant that she has been credited by some authorities as the originator of feminism in the United State. (91.1)

  [答案] A too改為so,組成so…that結(jié)構(gòu)。

  (4) The gorilla, not as curious than the chimpanzee, shows more persistence and memory retention in solving a problem. (90.5)

  [答案] B than改為as, 組成not as…as 結(jié)構(gòu)。

  (5) Some linguious believe that the earliest languages were no less complex as modern languages (94.5)

  [答案] D as 改為than,組成“比較級…than”的句型。

  (6) Whether as statesman, scientist, and philosopher, Benjamin Franklin was destined to gain lasting honor throughout much of the world. (92.5)

  [答案] A and改為or,組成whether…or的結(jié)構(gòu)。

  (7) Meadowlarks are about the same size than robins, they have heavier bodies, shorter tails, and longer bills. (89.5)

  [答案] B than改為as,組成the same…as的結(jié)構(gòu)。

  (8) Nature not only gave the Middle Atlantic fine harbors, however endowed it with a first-class system of inland waterways. (91.1)

  [答案] C however 改為but also,組成not only…but also結(jié)構(gòu)。

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