心理學研究生培訓班

考研英語雙語閱讀材料：衡量生命價值

Government agencies calculate these trade-offs regularly. The Environmental Protection Agency, for instance, has established a cost of about $9.5 million per life saved as a benchmark for determining whether to clean up a toxic waste site.

政府機構(gòu)定期計算這樣的取舍。例如，美國環(huán)護署(Environmental Protection Agency)設定了一個標準，每拯救一個生命的成本約為950萬美元，將其作為是否清理有毒廢物場地的決定基準。

Other agencies use similar values to assess whether to invest in reducing accidents at an intersection or to tighten safety standards in a workplace. The Department of Agriculture has a calculator to estimate the economic costs — medical care, premature deaths, productivity loss from nonfatal cases — of food-borne disease.

其他機構(gòu)使用類似的方法進行量化評估，以決定是投資減少十字路口的事故，還是加強工作場所的安全標準。農(nóng)業(yè)部有一個計算標準，用來估計食源性疾病的經(jīng)濟成本——醫(yī)療保健、過早死亡、非致命病例造成的生產(chǎn)力損失。

Now, some economists have decided to stick their necks out and apply this thinking to the coronavirus pandemic.

現(xiàn)在，一些經(jīng)濟學家決定冒險把這種想法應用到冠狀病毒大流行上。