心理學(xué)研究生培訓(xùn)班

考研英語雙語閱讀材料：衡量生命價(jià)值

Government agencies calculate these trade-offs regularly. The Environmental Protection Agency, for instance, has established a cost of about $9.5 million per life saved as a benchmark for determining whether to clean up a toxic waste site.

政府機(jī)構(gòu)定期計(jì)算這樣的取舍。例如，美國(guó)環(huán)護(hù)署(Environmental Protection Agency)設(shè)定了一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，每拯救一個(gè)生命的成本約為950萬美元，將其作為是否清理有毒廢物場(chǎng)地的決定基準(zhǔn)。

Other agencies use similar values to assess whether to invest in reducing accidents at an intersection or to tighten safety standards in a workplace. The Department of Agriculture has a calculator to estimate the economic costs — medical care, premature deaths, productivity loss from nonfatal cases — of food-borne disease.

其他機(jī)構(gòu)使用類似的方法進(jìn)行量化評(píng)估，以決定是投資減少十字路口的事故，還是加強(qiáng)工作場(chǎng)所的安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。農(nóng)業(yè)部有一個(gè)計(jì)算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，用來估計(jì)食源性疾病的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本——醫(yī)療保健、過早死亡、非致命病例造成的生產(chǎn)力損失。

Now, some economists have decided to stick their necks out and apply this thinking to the coronavirus pandemic.

現(xiàn)在，一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家決定冒險(xiǎn)把這種想法應(yīng)用到冠狀病毒大流行上。