英語(yǔ)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)：表語(yǔ)從句

表語(yǔ)從句構(gòu)成方式：

若從句為陳述句，直接加that;

若從句為特殊疑問(wèn)句：直接保留特殊疑問(wèn)詞，后面的句子變成陳述句語(yǔ)序;

若從句為一般疑問(wèn)句：先把一般疑問(wèn)句變成陳述句語(yǔ)序，然后在其前加上weather或者if;

eg：China is no longer what she used to be.

The question is who is responsible for what has happened.

一、表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞

引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的詞有連詞that, whether，連接代詞和連接副詞，關(guān)系代詞型what，以及as if, as though, because等連詞。

1. 由that引導(dǎo)

The fact is that he doesn’t really try. 事實(shí)是他沒(méi)有做真正的努力。

The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻煩的是我把他的地址丟了。

My suggestion is that we should tell him. 我的建議是我們應(yīng)該告訴他。

His sole requirement was (is) that the system work. 他唯一的要求是這個(gè)制度能起作用。

My idea is that we should start making preparations right now. 我的意見(jiàn)是我們馬上就開(kāi)始做準(zhǔn)備工作。

2. 由whether引導(dǎo)

The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 問(wèn)題是這部電影是否值得看。

【注意】whether 可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，但與之同義的if卻通常不用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。

3. 由連接代詞引導(dǎo)

You are not who I thought you were. 你已不是我過(guò)去所想像的人。

The problem is who we can get to replace her. 問(wèn)題是我們能找到誰(shuí)去替換她呢。

The question is who (m) we should trust. 問(wèn)題是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)相信誰(shuí)。

What I want to know is which road we should take. 我想知道的是我們應(yīng)走哪條路。

4. 由連接副詞引導(dǎo)

The problem is how we can find him. 問(wèn)題是我們?nèi)绾握业剿?

That was when I was fifteen. 這是我15歲時(shí)發(fā)生的事。

That’s where I first met her. 那就是我第一次遇見(jiàn)她的地方。

That’s why he didn’t come. 這就是他沒(méi)有來(lái)的緣故。

That’s why I object to the plan. 這就是我反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃的原因。

That’s where you are wrong. 這就是你不對(duì)的地方。

5. 由關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)

That’s what I want to stress. 這是我想強(qiáng)調(diào)的。

That’s what we are here for. 我們來(lái)這里就為了這個(gè)。

Fame and personal gain is what they’re after. 他們追求的是名利。

He is no longer what he was. 他已經(jīng)不是以前的他了。

6. 由as if / as though引導(dǎo)

It isn’t as if you were going away for ever. 又不是你離開(kāi)不回來(lái)了。

Now it was as though she had known Millie for years. 現(xiàn)在好像她認(rèn)識(shí)米莉已有好多年了似的。

It is not as though we were poor. 又不是我們家里窮。

7. 由because引導(dǎo)

It is because I love you too much. 那是因?yàn)槲姨珢?ài)你了。

That’s because you can’t appreciate music. 這是因?yàn)槟悴荒苄蕾p音樂(lè)。

If I’m a bit sleepy, it’s because I was upall night. 如果我有點(diǎn)困，是因?yàn)橐灰箾](méi)睡。

It’s because I passed a slip of paper for John to Helen in class. 這是因?yàn)槲以谏险n中替約翰傳紙條給海倫。

【注意】because 可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，但與之同義的since, as, for等也不用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。

二、連詞that的省略問(wèn)題

引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的that通常不省略，但在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中有時(shí)也可省略：

My idea is (that) we should do it right away. 我的意見(jiàn)是我們應(yīng)該馬上干。

The trouble is (that) he is ill. 糟糕的是他病了。

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