2016年托?？荚囬喿x素材：元宵節(jié)由來

　　【托福閱讀材料】元宵節(jié)由來英文說法

　　農(nóng)歷正月十五元宵節(jié)，又稱為“上元節(jié)”(Lantern Festival)、上元佳節(jié)、小正月、元夕或燈節(jié)，是春節(jié)之后的第一個(gè)重要節(jié)日，是中國亦是漢字文化圈的地區(qū)和海外華人的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之一。正月是農(nóng)歷的元月，古人稱夜為“宵”，所以把一年中第一個(gè)月圓之夜正月十五稱為元宵節(jié)。

　　中國古俗中，上元節(jié)(元宵節(jié))﹑中元節(jié)(盂蘭盆節(jié))﹑下元節(jié)(水官節(jié))合稱三元。元宵節(jié)始于2000多年前的秦朝。漢文帝時(shí)下令將正月十五定為元宵節(jié)。漢武帝時(shí)，“太一神”祭祀活動(dòng)定在正月十五(太一：主宰宇宙一切之神)。司馬遷創(chuàng)建“太初歷”時(shí)，就已將元宵節(jié)確定為重大節(jié)日。

　　The Lantern Festival (元宵節(jié)) is the last day of the Chinese New Year celebration. This day is for the last moment for setting off fireworks, the last excuse for eating a big feast and the last chance for family getting together before the “年” celebrations are over. (Latern Festival is also a traditional time of celebration for foreigners who live in China).

　　The Lantern Festival, the 15th of the first month of the lunar calendar, is the first full moon of the year. Celebrations and traditions on this day date back to the Western Han Dynasty.

　　Traditions for this festival: as the name indicates, hanging and looking at lanterns is the main tradition. Lanterns of various shapes and sizes are displayed on trees, or along river banks.

　　Parents often take their children to Lantern Fairs and sometimes lucky kids even get a mini toy lantern.

　　Another tradition is guessing lantern riddles. These are riddles that are hung on lanterns for people to shoot down and solve. The riddles are usually short, wise, and sometimes humorous. The answer to a riddle can be a Chinese character, a famous person's name, a place name or a proverb. This tradition has become a popular game with serious staying power even as social development changes other traditions.

　　Other than that, the most important thing to do today is to eat sweet dumplings. In northern China, sweet dumplings made of glutinous rice flour are called “元宵” while in southern part they are called “湯圓”. Typical sweet dumplings are filled with black sesame sauce, sweetened bean paste, or hawthorn. Making “元宵” today is like a game or an activity, so it's seldom done without a reason and a group of friends or family present to help out.

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