2016托福閱讀材料：鞋子透露性格

　　Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person's shoes.

　　堪薩斯大學(xué)的研究人員稱(chēng)，只需看看一個(gè)人穿的鞋，就能準(zhǔn)確地判斷陌生人的90%的性格。

　　"Shoes convey a thin but useful slice of information about their wearers," the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality. "Shoes serve a practical purpose, and also serve as nonverbal cues with symbolic messages. People tend to pay attention to the shoes they and others wear."

　　這項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)表在《個(gè)性研究雜志》上，作者寫(xiě)道：“鞋子可傳達(dá)其主人的細(xì)微但有用的信息。鞋子有其實(shí)際用途，但也作為非言語(yǔ)信號(hào)傳遞著象征性信息。人們一般都會(huì)注意自己和他人穿的鞋?！?

　　Medical Daily notes that the number of detailed personality traits detected in the study include a person's general age, their gender, income, political affiliation, and other personality traits, including someone's emotional stability.

　　《醫(yī)學(xué)日?qǐng)?bào)》指出，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)鞋子可透露的個(gè)性特征細(xì)節(jié)包括一個(gè)人的大概年齡、這個(gè)人的性別、收入、政治立場(chǎng)，還有包括情緒穩(wěn)定性在內(nèi)的其他個(gè)性特征。

　　Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style, cost, color and condition of someone's shoes. In the study, 63 University of Kansas students looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study's participants. Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes, and then filled out a personality questionnaire.

　　首席研究員歐姆瑞·吉拉斯說(shuō)，這些判斷是基于所穿的鞋的樣式、價(jià)格、顏色和新舊程度做出的。在研究過(guò)程中，63名堪薩斯大學(xué)的學(xué)生觀看了研究參與者穿的208雙不同的鞋的圖片。參加該研究的志愿者都是穿著自己平日里最常穿的鞋拍的照，然后他們填寫(xiě)了一份性格調(diào)查問(wèn)卷。

　　So, what do your shoes say about your personality?

　　那么，你的鞋反映了你的什么性格特點(diǎn)呢?

　　Some of the results were expected: People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes, and flashier footwear was typically worn by extroverts.

　　部分研究結(jié)果是在意料之中的：收入高的人大多穿價(jià)格昂貴的鞋子，而顏色鮮亮的鞋子通常是性格外向的人穿的。

　　However, some of the more specific results are intriguing. For example, "practical and functional" shoes were generally worn by more "agreeable" people, while ankle boots were more closely aligned with "aggressive" personalities.

　　不過(guò)，一些更具體的研究結(jié)果則十分有趣。例如，“實(shí)用、功能性的”鞋子通常是性格“隨和”的人穿的，而短靴的主人則大多是性格“強(qiáng)勢(shì)”的人。

　　The strangest of all may be that those who wore "uncomfortable looking" shoes tend to have "calm" personalities.

　　最奇怪的也許是那些愛(ài)穿“看起來(lái)不舒服的”鞋子的人竟然性格一般比較“沉著冷靜”。

　　And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take exceptional care of them, you may suffer from "attachment anxiety," spending an inordinate amount of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance.

　　此外，如果你有好幾雙新鞋子或者格外愛(ài)惜保養(yǎng)這些新鞋，那么你可能患上了“依戀焦慮癥”，因?yàn)槟慊诉^(guò)多的時(shí)間來(lái)?yè)?dān)心其他人對(duì)你外表的看法。

　　There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal types wearing "shabbier and less expensive" shoes.

　　研究甚至還發(fā)現(xiàn)了鞋子和政治立場(chǎng)之間的關(guān)系，那些穿“比較破舊和廉價(jià)”的鞋子的人更可能是自由黨派。

　　The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personality traits, but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were revealing deep insights into their personalities.

　　研究人員指出，有些人會(huì)通過(guò)選擇鞋子的樣式來(lái)掩飾他們真實(shí)的性格特征，不過(guò)研究人員也指出，志愿者們一般都不會(huì)意識(shí)到自己對(duì)鞋的選擇會(huì)讓人窺見(jiàn)性格深處。

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