2016年5月托福閱讀精講復(fù)習(xí)(二)

　　圖式推理模式

　　其特點(diǎn)是根據(jù)文章作者寫作意圖，通盤考慮整個(gè)文章寫作框圖架，然后判斷出文章中某個(gè)詞或句的內(nèi)在含義，該種題型較有隱蔽性，極難對(duì)付。

　　例3：Each advance in microscopic technique has provided scientists with new perspectives on the function of living organisms and the nature of matter itself. The invention of the visible-light microscope late in the sixteenth century introduced a previously unknown realm of single-celled plants and animals. In the twentieth century, electron microscope have provided direct views of viruses and minuscule surface structures. Now another type of microscope, one that utilizes X rays rather than light or electrons, offers a different way of examining tiny details; it should extend human perception still farther into the natural world.

　　Why does the author mention the visible-light microscope in the first paragraph?

　　(A) To begin a discussion of sixteenth-century discoveries

　　(B) To put the X-ray microscope in a historical perspective

　　(C) To show how limited its uses are

　　(D) To explain how it functioned

　　提示：本段文章中講了各種顯微鏡的特征，且從早期一直至現(xiàn)代的顯微鏡(X ray型)。作者這樣寫作，目的在于將顯微鏡放在歷史角度上敘述一下。換一句話說，作者講述了顯微鏡歷史。而題目問“作者為什么提到可視顯微鏡”那說明解應(yīng)為(B)。(C)可能文章也講過，但并非是作者的目的所在。

　　總結(jié)：本題關(guān)鍵在于解題角度與解題切入點(diǎn)的合理性，因此，讀者應(yīng)引起足夠注意。

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