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考研英語:從完型詞匯考點(diǎn)看真題在備考中價(jià)值

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雖然考研英語試題中取消了詞匯單選題,但是,從近幾年的完型填空的詞匯考點(diǎn)可以明顯看出,很多比較難的詞匯考點(diǎn)是以前歷年詞匯單選題的考查點(diǎn)。例如:

The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 43 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 44 in Britain , laid down that everybody was 45 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.

43.[A] changes [B] makes [C] sets [D] turns

44.[A] binding [B] convincing [C] restraining [D] sustaining

45.[A] authorized [B] credited [C] entitled [D] qualified

其中,第43題比較簡單,在四個(gè)動(dòng)詞中,make可以跟賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語,例如1994年完型中的句子Inaccurate or indefinite words may make it difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him.此外,set可以有這種用法,但只限于set somebody free或者set something in order,其它的兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)詞匯沒有這種用法。

第44題的考點(diǎn)和1994年詞匯題第35題的考點(diǎn)非常類似,該題目如下:

35. I support your decision, but I should also make it clear that I am not going to be _________ to it.

[A] connected [B] fastened [C] bound [D] stuck

正確答案是(C).(A) (be) connected一般不與to搭配,而用be connected with: "與……有聯(lián)系。"(B)(be) fastened to:"被緊緊抓住"。(C)be bound to sth:"必定","受……約束"的意思。這符合題意,故應(yīng)選(C)。(D)stick to:"堅(jiān)持",一般不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。這句話的意思是:我支持你的決定,但我必須講清楚,我不打算受到它的約束。Bound是bind(v.綁, 鑲邊, 裝訂, 約束)的過去分詞,其中一個(gè)含義是“受……約束的”,而binging是bind的現(xiàn)在分詞,表示“具有約束力的”,當(dāng)年的考試中,這一個(gè)題目的錯(cuò)誤率很高。此外,B選項(xiàng)詞匯fasten是2001年完型填空第32題的D選項(xiàng)詞匯。

第45題則重復(fù)了1995年詞匯真題的第25題的詞匯考點(diǎn),該題目如下:

5. It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are _________ free medical care.

[A] entitled to [B] involved in [C] associated with [D] assigned to

正確答案是(A)

(A)entitled to: "給予……;授予"。(B)involved in:"卷入,被涉及到"。(C)associated with:"與……有關(guān)的"。(D)assigned to:"把……分配給"。(A)與題意吻合,故應(yīng)選(A)。

此外,2006年的完型第6題和1998年第24題的B選項(xiàng)考點(diǎn)range相同,2006年第17題的考點(diǎn)comprehensive出現(xiàn)在1995年第33題的題干中,2005年第4題的考點(diǎn)和1995年的35題的考點(diǎn)相同,2005年底13題和1994年第23題的詞匯考點(diǎn)相同。類似的例子不勝枚舉。統(tǒng)計(jì)表明,1994年到2001年所考過的160個(gè)詞匯題中,40%以上的選項(xiàng)詞匯作為日后完型真題的考點(diǎn)詞匯或者選項(xiàng)詞匯,因此,可以毫不夸張的說,這8年的 考研詞匯是我們考研英語備考中的聚寶盆。把這些題目搞清楚,對(duì)于提高我們的考研詞匯能力,具有重要的意義。

以上為2001年考研英語完型第43、45、46題

1994年考研詞匯真題解析

21.Please do not be ________ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.

[A] disregarded [B] distorted [C] irritated [D] intervened

正確答案是(C)

題目分析:regard表示"考慮",所以(A)disregarded:表示"不理、不顧、漠視"之意。(B) distorted:"弄歪,歪曲"。(C)irritated:"被激怒,惱火"。(D) intervened:意為"介入、插入、干涉",一般為不及物動(dòng)詞,因此不可能有be intervened這種被動(dòng)語態(tài),可以用intervene with短語。從意思上講,只能是"被他的壞行為"激怒,不可能為其它意思,因此(C) irritated為正確答案。

22. Craig assured his boss that he would __________ all his energies in doing this new job.

[A] call forth [B]call at [C]call on [D]call off

正確答案是(A)

題目分析:本題考查考生對(duì)call這一動(dòng)詞與介(副)詞搭配成詞組時(shí),詞組的不同含義。(A) call forth:"喚起,發(fā)揮,使產(chǎn)生, 引起, 使起作用"。(A)與題意吻合,故應(yīng)選(A)。(B) call at:"訪問"。(C)call on :"號(hào)召,拜訪,探望。"(D) call off :"取消,轉(zhuǎn)移"。此題上下文為:Craig向他的老板保證,在做這項(xiàng)新工作中,他將發(fā)揮他所有的能力。

23. Too much ________ to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.

[A] disclosure [B] exhibition [C] contact [D] exposure

正確答案是(D)

題目分析:(A) disclosure:close為"關(guān)閉"之意, disclose的含義是"揭露, 透露"。(B) exhibition: "展覽,表演",一般用于exhibition of ...表示:"……的展覽",或on exhibition: "在展覽中"。(C)contact:"接觸,聯(lián)系",用于contact with :"同……接觸"。(D)exposure :"暴露;揭露;接觸",用于詞組exposure to : "暴露于……中"。根據(jù)上下文及用詞搭配,都應(yīng)該選(D)exposure。

24. When confronted with such questions, my mind goes __________, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.

[A] dim [B]blank [C] faint [D] vain

正確答案是(B)

題目分析:(A)dim:" 昏暗的,模糊的",go dim:指"(腦子)變得混沌不清楚。"(B)blank: "空白的",go blank指"(頭腦)變成一片空白",與后面"我?guī)缀跤洸黄饋砦易约旱纳?意思相吻合,故應(yīng)選(B)。(C)faint : "衰弱的,昏暈的",go faint :一般指"(身體)發(fā)暈";(D)vain :"空費(fèi)的,徒勞的;自負(fù)的"。一般不與go搭配,短語in vain是“徒勞的,白白的”。

25. It is well known that knowledge is the _________ condition for expansion of mind.

[A] incompatible [B] incredible [C] indefinite [D] indispensable

正確答案是(D)

題目分析:(A)incompatible: "不能共存的,不相容的"。(B) incredible:"難以置信的;不可思議的"。(C)indefinite: "含糊的;不明確的"。(D)indispensible:"必不可少的;必需的"。此題目譯為:大家都知道,知識(shí)是擴(kuò)充頭腦的必不可少的條件。It是形式主語,that引導(dǎo)的是主語從句。根據(jù)上下文判斷,(D)是最合適的答案。

26. More than two hundred years ago the United States __________ from the British Empire and became an independent country.

[A] got off [B] pulled down [C] broke away [D] attached to

正確答案是(C)

題目分析:此題目考查詞組意義。(A)got off : "下來,出發(fā),動(dòng)身"。(B)pulled down:"拆毀;拖垮"。(C)broke away(from): "脫離,擺脫",根據(jù)上下文,應(yīng)選(C)。(D)dropped off :"陸續(xù)散去,睡著"。

27. Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is ________ loud continuous noise.

[A] subjected to [B] filled with [C] associated with [D] dropped off

正確答案是(A)

題目分析:(A)(be)subjected to : "遭受,受到,服從"。 (B)(be ) filled with : "充滿了"。(C)(be) associated with: "與……聯(lián)系在一起"。(D)(be) attached to:"附屬于,依戀于"。顯然是(A)"遭受到極大的不斷的噪聲"為最合理。

28. Some of the most important concepts in physics ________their success to these mathematical systems.

[A] oblige [B]owe [C]contribute [D]valuable

正確答案是(B)

題目分析:(A)oblige ...(to do):"強(qiáng)迫……做某事"。Oblige還有“施惠;幫…的忙”的含義,例如:Please oblige me by closing the door.請(qǐng)幫我把門關(guān)上。I'm much obliged to you.我非常感謝你幫忙。這一用法是2004年考研英語翻譯第62題的一個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)。(B)owe ....(to ):"多虧,感謝,把…歸功于"。(C)contribute...(to):"獻(xiàn)出,把……花費(fèi)在……",contribute to導(dǎo)致,造成。(D)attribute...(to):"把……歸屬于……"。顯然,(B)為正確答案。這句話的意思為:一些物理學(xué)中最重要的概念的成功應(yīng)該歸功于這些數(shù)學(xué)體系。而不能把物理學(xué)中概念的成功"歸屬于"數(shù)學(xué)體系。

29. As your instructor advised, you ought to spend your time on something __________ researching into.

[A] precious [B] worth [C] worthy [D] valuable

正確答案是(B)

題目分析:(A) precious:"寶貴的;完全的"。(B)worth:"值得的"。worth后面一般跟動(dòng)名詞表示"值得做某事",并且用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)的含義,而(C)worthy也表示"值得做某事"時(shí),一般的用法是worthy of sth.或worthy to be done。此外,worthy有受人尊敬的意思,這一含義,在2006年考研閱讀理解第二篇文章第二段從到了這一含義,“the worthy residents”. (D)valuable:"有價(jià)值的,貴重的",比較詞義和用法,(B)為最佳答案。

30. As a defense against air-pollution damage, many plants and animals _________ a substance to absorb harmful chemicals.

[A] relieve [B] release [C] dismiss [D] discard

正確答案是(B)

題目分析:(A) relieve:"減輕, 解除, 援救, 救濟(jì)"。(B)release:"釋放;免除;發(fā)行,發(fā)布"。(C)dismiss"解散;解雇;消除"。(D)discard:"拋棄,解雇"。此題目意思是:作為對(duì)空氣污染的防護(hù)措施,許多植物和動(dòng)物釋放出一種可以吸收有害化學(xué)成分的物質(zhì)。因此應(yīng)選擇(B)。against是1998年完形填空的43題的考點(diǎn)。


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