發(fā)布時間： 2016年07月07日
課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1．Where are they? 它們在哪里？ 句中they指圖中的那些東西。（可參見Lessons 25～26語法部分。）
2．數(shù)字9，999與10，001的英文寫法
9，999----nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine
10，001----ten thousand and one
語法 Grammar in use
1．there＋be結構（2）
（1）there＋be結構變成疑問句時，只需將動詞be和there互換位置，句子其余部分不變。如：
Is there a dirty fork on the plate? 碟子上有一個臟的叉子嗎？
Is there a full bottle in the cupboard? 櫥柜里有一瓶酒嗎？
Are there any ties on the floor? 地上有一些領帶嗎？
Are there any newspapers on the shelf? 架子上有些報紙嗎？
（2）there＋be結構變成否定句時，需在動詞be后加not（any）或no。如：
No, there is not a fork on the plate. 沒有，碟子上沒有叉子。
No, there isn't one in the cupboard. 沒有，櫥柜里一個也沒有。
No, there aren't any ties on the floor. 沒有，地板上沒有任何領帶。
No, there are no newspapers on the shelf. 沒有，架子上沒有任何報紙。
2．some和any的用法
在英語中，some和any是兩個最常用的數(shù)量詞。用some和any時，一般不必精確地說明數(shù)量到底有多么大或多么小。它們的作用常常像是a/an的復數(shù)。
（1）some（表示確定的數(shù)量）表示“某些但不是全部”的意思，通常用于肯定句中。在疑問句中，所希望的回答是Yes時也可使用some。如：
There is some water in the glass. 玻璃杯里有些水。
There are some cigarettes in the box. 盒子里有些雪茄。
Have you got some paper-clips in that box? 你那只盒子里有一些回形針吧？（我知道或我認為你有一些，故希望你會說“有”。）
some加可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時，在流暢的話語中一般不重讀，而念為/s m/。
（2）any（表示不確定的數(shù)量）通常用在含有not或-n't的否定句中，也用于表示我們不能確定答案是肯定還是否定，或者用于預料得到的回答是No的疑問句中。如：
There are not any spoons in the cupboard. 櫥柜中沒有任何湯匙。
There aren't any plates on the dressing table. 梳妝臺上任何碟子都沒有。
詞匯學習 Word study
near adj.
（1）靠近的，接近的：
The television is near the window. 電視機在窗戶旁邊。
There are some shoes on the floor. They're near the bed. 地板上有些鞋子。它們在床附近。
（2）關系接近的，親近的：
She is a near friend of mine. 她是我的一位密友。
My uncle is my nearest relative. 我叔叔是我血緣最近的親戚。
（3）近似的；幾乎是的：
The picture may not be an exact replica but it's pretty near. 這幅畫也許不是一件一模一樣的復制品，但它已酷似原作了。
練習答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 28
A
1 There are some pencils on the desk.
2 There are some knives near that tin.
3 There are some policemen in the kitchen.
4 There are some newspapers in the living room.
5 There are some keyboard operators in the office.
B
1 Are there any books in the room?
No, there aren't any books in the room.
There are some magazines.
Where are they?
They're on the television.
2 Are there any ties on the floor?
No, there aren't any ties on the floor.
There are some shoes.
Where are they?
They're near the bed.
3 Are there any glasses on the cupboard?
No, there aren't any glasses on the cupboard.
There are some bottles.
Where are they?
They're near those tins.
4 Are there any newspapers on the shelf?
No, there aren't any newspapers on the shelf.
There are some tickets.
Where are they?
They're in that handbag.
5 Are there any forks on the table?
No, there aren't any forks on the table.
There are some knives.
Where are they?
They're in that box.
6 Are there any cups on the stereo?
No, there aren't any cups on the stereo.
There are some glasses.
Where are they?
They're near those bottles.
7 Are there any cups in the kitchen?
No, there aren't any cups in the kitchen.
There are some plates.
Where are they?
They're on the cooker.
8 Are there any glasses in the kitchen?
No, there aren't any glasses in the kitchen.
There are some bottles.
Where are they?
They're in the refrigerator.
9 Are there any books in the room?
No, there aren't any books in the room.
There are some pictures.
Where are they?
They're on the wall.
10 Are there any chairs in the room?
No, there aren't any chairs in the room.
There are some armchairs.
Where are they?
They're near the table.
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