發(fā)布時(shí)間: 2016年07月05日
語(yǔ)法是雅思口試考生比較欠缺的一項(xiàng)。據(jù)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),中國(guó)考生口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法分?jǐn)?shù)一般在4-5分,成為拉低口語(yǔ)分?jǐn)?shù)的“一大元兇”。是我們的語(yǔ)法很差嗎?語(yǔ)法差是一方面,最大的問題,就是考生在準(zhǔn)備的時(shí)候,不知道怎樣有針對(duì)性地入手。
那么雅思考官是怎么看一個(gè)考生的語(yǔ)法能力的呢?他們會(huì)首先看你最基本的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象有沒有犯錯(cuò),如過去時(shí)(怎樣提高時(shí)態(tài)準(zhǔn)確度,請(qǐng)參考我10月10日發(fā)表的另一篇博文《知己知彼,百戰(zhàn)不殆——剖析口試特點(diǎn)和評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》)、固定搭配(如enjoy doing)、第三人稱單數(shù)等。如果這些基本語(yǔ)法沒有犯錯(cuò),且考生能夠用以下句式的話,語(yǔ)法基本可以有6分以上了。
1) which 從句——6分保底。
考官很喜歡這個(gè)句式,如果你用到它,考官腦中一般馬上反應(yīng):嗯,這個(gè)考生語(yǔ)法也許在6分以上。Which從句可以分成兩種情況:修飾先行詞和修飾前面整個(gè)意群。
a. 修飾先行詞:
例:Where are you from?
I’m from Shanghai,which is the biggest city in China, located in the east coastal area.
這里的which修飾的是先行詞Shanghai。大家可以把這個(gè)句子背下來,因?yàn)樵诳谠嚠?dāng)中,問到where are you from?的可能性還是很大的。其實(shí),除了這個(gè)題目外,還有很多題目的回答可以用到這個(gè)句式,大家可以具體去發(fā)現(xiàn)。如:what’s your favorite dish? 答:My favorite dish is Stirred-fried shrimps, which is a Shanghainese local specialty。
b. 修飾整個(gè)意群:
例:How do you think about your job?
My job is really boring, you have to do the same thing everyday, which is one of the major reasons leading to the loss of motivation.
這是一個(gè)7分的句式,因?yàn)閣hich修飾的是整個(gè)意群(上面修飾先行詞為6分),即:My job is really boring, you have to do the same thing everyday,能夠體現(xiàn)出考生靈活使用復(fù)雜句式的能力。沒有大局觀的人,是很難把這個(gè)句子說對(duì)的。在這種情況里,which一般翻譯為:這(種情況、事情......),起到總結(jié)歸納的作用。如:Our government has realized the problem and is taking constructive measures to deal with it, which is a good sign, but if we don’t do it in a scientific way, I’m afraid the consequence could still be lethal. 政府已經(jīng)意識(shí)到這個(gè)問題,正采取措施解決,這是個(gè)好兆頭。但如果我們措施不夠科學(xué),恐怕結(jié)果依然是致命的。
2) 間接引語(yǔ)——簡(jiǎn)單,但是好用。
例:Why did you choose that major?
I chose that major because I thought it would lead to a secure job. As well as that,......
I thought it would lead to a secure job就是間接引語(yǔ),大家以后碰到這個(gè)問題,可以用該句式來回答。除了這里,只要是涉及到解釋過去的事情都可以用。如:I shared the toy with my friends whenever they came to my house, because I thought they would like it, and they actually did(part2 describe a toy in childhood)。又如:Everytime I went to the museum, I would always bring a note book with me, because I thought I shouldn’t miss anything.
3)條件從句——8分句式。
例:If I hadn’t got his advice on how to prepare for IELTS tests, I’m sure I would have met with big problems(part2 describe a piece of advice).
這個(gè)句式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:
If....hadn’t.......I’m sure/ afraid... would/wouldn’t have happened。翻譯成中文,是:如....不發(fā)生的話,我確信/恐怕....會(huì)發(fā)生。它的前后兩部分都是虛擬語(yǔ)氣,表示假設(shè)發(fā)生過的事情如果沒有發(fā)生,結(jié)果會(huì)怎么樣。例句可以用到part2 describe a piece of advice,其實(shí)除了這個(gè)話題外,我們還有許多地方可以用到它。大家不妨翻譯以下句子,把它們背下來用用:
a)如果那天我沒有跟他散步,我相信我英語(yǔ)不會(huì)取得如此大的進(jìn)步(part2 a walk)。
b)如果沒有去長(zhǎng)城,我相信我不會(huì)如此深入了解長(zhǎng)城的歷史(part2 a historical site)。
c)如果父親沒有鼓勵(lì)我,我相信我不會(huì)克服那么大的困難(part2 a family member I admire)。
參考翻譯:
a. If I hadn’t taken a walk with him that day, I’m sure I wouldn’t have made big progress in
English.
b. If I hadn’t gone to the Great Wall, I’m sure I wouldn’t have known so much about it.
c. If my father hadn’t encouraged me that day, I’m afraid I wouldn’t have been able to
overcome such a big difficulty.
PS:雅思口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn):
8分:上述句式熟練使用,并且沒有錯(cuò)誤。
7分:上述句式會(huì)用,稍許錯(cuò)誤。
6分:上述句式能用,錯(cuò)誤較多。
5分:不敢用上述句式。
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