發(fā)布時(shí)間: 2016年06月28日
細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題是考研英語閱讀理解當(dāng)中最重要的題型,也是占據(jù)比重最大的題型,每年基本20道題目中有一半都是細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。接下來我們來講解以下解題順序:
1.標(biāo)志:fact, truth;時(shí)間,數(shù)字,地點(diǎn),大寫字母,錢;專有名詞。
2.根據(jù)題干中的標(biāo)志詞返回原文定位:
考生一定要每道題目都返回原文,這是解任何題目的基礎(chǔ),很多考生閱讀得不了高分得最重要原因就是不返回原文定位。然而考研和四、六級考試不一樣,四、六級考試每道題目基本都能定位到原文的某一句話,而考研直白地考一句話的概率很小,基本都是定位在某一段。
3.經(jīng)??疾斓氖菍υ闹幸恍┘?xì)節(jié)性、具體信息的閱讀,因此一定要精確理解原文
這就是考驗(yàn)最大的特點(diǎn),就是考察的非常細(xì),不光光是一個(gè)句子,甚至于一個(gè)單詞,一個(gè)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號都要正確理解。
4.正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)與原文同義表達(dá):
我們把選項(xiàng)和原文重疊,記住“本本主義”,即與原文意思接近的,差不多的為正確答案,與原文意思相反的,或者只要是文中未提及的都是錯(cuò)的。
接下來我們具體以真題為例來闡述一下我們的解題步驟,如2000年第一篇文章:
It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG Electronics in July.) Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. America's machine-tool industry was on the ropes. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.
52. The loss of US predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the American________.
[A] TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market
[B] semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprises
[C] machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions
[D] auto industry had lost part of its domestic market
首先我們審題,根據(jù)題干中的1980s(數(shù)字),我們可以定位到原文第二段。然后逐一看選項(xiàng)A“電視工業(yè)萎縮回到了國內(nèi)市場(即:該工業(yè)失去了國際市場)?!薄案鶕?jù)第二段,到80年代中期,面對其工業(yè)競爭力的日益衰退,美國人感到無計(jì)可施(at a loss),美國某些大的行業(yè)——如電子消費(fèi)品——在園際競爭的壓力下,面臨萎縮或消亡的威脅。到1987年為止,美國僅存的電視制造商只有Zenith 一家了(現(xiàn)在已蕩然無存:Zenith于7月份——指文章寫作年代的7月份——被韓國LG電子有限公司收購了)。這里并沒有直接提到美國電視失去國際市場,事實(shí)上,它連國內(nèi)市場也保不住了。因此A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。B”半導(dǎo)體行業(yè)被外國公司接管?!暗诙巫詈笠痪涮岬?,在一段時(shí)間內(nèi),半導(dǎo)體制造業(yè)看上去好像要成為下一個(gè)受害者?!笨瓷先ズ孟瘛暗臐撆_詞就是”事實(shí)上并不是如此“,因此B與原文意思相反。C”機(jī)械制造業(yè)自取滅亡“,第二段提到了機(jī)械制造業(yè)”岌岌可危 “。這顯然也是說它正在失去國內(nèi)外市場,并未提到它的滅亡是由其自身原因造成的。on the ropes解釋為”岌岌可?!安⒉唤忉尀椤弊詺ⅰ啊6诙蔚诹涮岬?,進(jìn)口車和紡織品涌進(jìn)(美國)國內(nèi)市場。由此可知:D”汽車制造業(yè)失去了部分國內(nèi)市場“與原文意思一致。選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。
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