發(fā)布時間： 2016年06月23日

考研英語復(fù)習(xí)之長難句省略結(jié)構(gòu)分析

攻破考研英語長難句，首先需要從結(jié)構(gòu)入手。以下是我們總結(jié)的英語長難句的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)之一——省略結(jié)構(gòu)，幫大家輕松識別省略成分，掌握省略結(jié)構(gòu)的分析。

考研英語復(fù)習(xí)之長難句省略結(jié)構(gòu)分析

1. 并列結(jié)構(gòu)

省略最常見于并列結(jié)構(gòu)中。

定義：兩個或兩個以上、由并列連詞或其他并列手段連接起來的語法結(jié)構(gòu)叫做并列結(jié)構(gòu)。

2. 并列連詞

英語有三個主要的并列連詞：and, or, but

關(guān)聯(lián)并列連詞：both…and, either…or, not…but, not…nor, neither…nor, not only…but also

近似并列連詞：as well as, as much as, rather than, more than

三個詞項：nor, so, yet

3. 并列結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略現(xiàn)象

并列結(jié)構(gòu)中，常常發(fā)生省略的現(xiàn)象，后一個分句與前一個分句相同的句子成分可以省去，也可以省略連詞。

a. 共同主語的省略

(1) The town offers better cultural advantages than (it) has been generally supposed.

(2) As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and (information) will be trustworthy and reliable.

b. 共同主動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞的省略

(3) John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.

(4) John should clean the shed and Peter (should) mow the lawn.

(5) Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression (can be) controlled, cataracts (can be) removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure.

(6) He drives faster than you (do).

(7) She plays with him as a cat (plays) with a mouse.

c. 共同主語、謂語的省略

(8) It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada (death is) inevitable and in California (death is) optional.

(9) Tom hates him as much as (he hates) me.

(10) I have always lived more in the future than (I have lived) in the present.

d. 共同主動詞及其補(bǔ)足成分的省略

(11) Gorge will take the course and Bob might (take the course) too.