考研英語(yǔ)高頻詞匯常考詞義、近義詞辨析（一）

1、 distinctive和distinct

distinctive"有特色的"，"獨(dú)特的";

distinct"清楚的，明顯的";

a distinct smell of alcohol on his breath;the distinctive stripes of the zebra.

2、 dual和duel

dual"二重的";

dual personality雙重人格;dual control雙重管轄;

duel"決斗，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)";

fight a duel with sb.與某人決斗;

challenge sb. to a duel向某人提出決斗;

a duel of wits斗智

3、 eatable和edible

eatable a."可食用的，可吃的";n.[pl.]"食物、食品"

edible a."適合食用的，可以吃的";n.[pl.]"食品"

在指吃的時(shí)候二者可通用：

The toast was burnt and barely eatable/edible.

但在其他情況下不一樣：

If something is eatable，it may be eaten(though it may not be safe or desirable to do so);but，if something is edible it is safe to eat.

4、 economical和economic

economic"經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的，經(jīng)濟(jì)上的"an economic survey of Scotland蘇格蘭經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)查;an economic blockade經(jīng)濟(jì)封鎖;economical"節(jié)儉的，經(jīng)濟(jì)的";He's had to learn to be more economical now that his only income is a small pension.

5 、evoke和invoke

evoke"喚起，引起";evoke admiration引起羨慕。

invoke"祈求(神靈)保佑，乞靈于"，行使(法權(quán));

The shaman invokes the spirits of their ancestors. If our case fails in the national courts we will invoke the European Declaration on Human Rights.

6 、fatal和fateful

fatal "causing death or disaster""致命的";

a fatal disease不治之癥;

a fatal wound致命傷。

fateful "crucial，significant，deciding one's fate""重大的"，"決定性的，決定命運(yùn)的";

On that one fateful day in October，millions of pounds were wiped off the value of shares.

7 、fictional和fictitious

fictional"虛構(gòu)的，小說(shuō)的"。

fictitious"虛構(gòu)的，編造的"(denotes something that is not real and has been created with the intention of deceiving others);

He gave the police a fictitious name.

8 、historical和historic

historical"有關(guān)歷史的"，"歷史的"，the historical period歷史階段;historical personage歷史人物。

historic"歷史上有名的，有歷史意義的"，historic town歷史名城。

9、 impassable和impassible

impassable"不能通行的"，"不可逾越的";an impassable swamp不能通行的沼澤地。

impassible"不感疼痛的;無(wú)動(dòng)于衷的";an impassible God無(wú)動(dòng)于衷的神。

10、 infer和imply

infer"猜想，臆測(cè)"，"推斷";infer a motive from an effect從效果推知?jiǎng)訖C(jī)。

imply"含有……的意思";

Do you realize what his words imply?你領(lǐng)會(huì)他說(shuō)話的含意嗎?

I do not imply that you are wrong.我的意思不是說(shuō)你錯(cuò)了。

11、 impractical和impracticable

impractical(not sensible or efficient or not actually possible)

"不切實(shí)際的，不現(xiàn)實(shí)的"。

impracticable(not able to be done or used)"不能實(shí)行的，行不通的";

With a river on one side and a steep drop on the other，it is impracticable to widen the road.

12、 incredible和incredulous

incredible"不可相信的，難以置信的";incredible energy驚人的能量，精力。

incredulous"不相信的，表示懷疑的";

be incredulous of hearsay不相信道聽途說(shuō);an incredulous look懷疑的目光。

13、 ingenious和ingenuous

ingenious"機(jī)靈的";

an ingenious mind機(jī)靈的頭腦;an ingenious machine精巧的機(jī)器。

ingenuous"直率的，坦白的"。

14、 intense和intensive

intense"激烈的，強(qiáng)烈的"，"緊張的"

an intense light強(qiáng)烈的燈光;intense heat酷熱;

an intense life奮發(fā)圖強(qiáng)的生活。

intensive"加強(qiáng)的，集中的"："深入細(xì)致的，徹底的";

an intensive bombardment密集炮擊;

an intensive study徹底的研究;

an intensive reading精讀(opp. extensive reading泛讀)。

15、 junction和juncture

junction"接合，連接"，"(河流的)匯合處";

make a junction取得聯(lián)絡(luò)，連接起來(lái)junction box接線盒。

juncture(a particular point in time or in a sequence of events)"接合，連接"，"時(shí)機(jī)，關(guān)頭";

an important juncture in a man's career人生歷程中的重要關(guān)頭;

at this juncture在這個(gè)時(shí)候;

in the present critical juncture of things在目前這一危急關(guān)頭下。

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