新概念英語自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀：第一冊 Lesson125-126

課文詳注 Further notes on the text

1．Can't you come in and have tea now, Peter? 彼得，你現(xiàn)在能進(jìn)來喝茶嗎？
這是否定疑問句，表示邀請。請參見 Lessons 77～78語法部分。

2．Don't you remember? 你不記得了嗎？
這也是否定疑問句。

3．don't need to= needn't。
表示“不必”，是 must和 have to的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定式。

4． a pleasant surprise 意想不到的好事，令人驚喜的事。

語法學(xué)習(xí) Grammar in use

must, have to 和 needn't
這3個(gè)詞都表示必要性。在前面已對 must和 have to介紹過。

must是情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞，而have to是普通動(dòng)詞，二者在肯定句中一般可以互換，表示不可逃避的義務(wù)或責(zé)任。must更帶有說話人的主觀色彩，而have to則更強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀要求和外界影響。

must一般只能表達(dá)現(xiàn)在的必要性，而have to則可以表達(dá)過去或?qū)淼谋匾浴?

I shall have to leave London tomorrow.
我明早得離開倫敦。
I had to stop smoking because it was forbidden in my company.
因?yàn)槲宜诘墓緝?nèi)禁止抽煙，所以我不得不停止了吸煙。

如果我們用 must來提問，則只能用needn't來表達(dá)否定的回答。 needn't 還可以理解為have to的否定回答。needn't (don't need to)和 don't have to都表示不必要；而 mustn't卻表示絕對禁止，在說話人看來根本沒有選擇余地。請看例句：

You mustn't turn left.
你不能左轉(zhuǎn)彎。（表示絕對禁止）

詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study

1. mean v.
（1）意味著，即：
It's raining! That means you don't need to water the garden.
下雨了！這就是說，你不必給花園澆水了。

（2）（詞語）表示……意思：
What does "perfume" mean in English?
“perfume”一詞在英語中是什么意思？
The green light means "Go on".
綠燈的意思是“繼續(xù)向前”。

（3）意指；意欲：
What I mean is that we'll have to go back and look for it.
我的意思是：我們必須回去尋找它。
He didn't mean to hurt you.
他的本意并不是想傷害你。

2. water v.
（1）澆（灑）水；供水；喂水：
The garden is very dry, I'm going to water it tomorrow morning.
花園里很干了，明早我準(zhǔn)備給它澆些水。
Tim is watering his lovely little dog.
蒂姆正在給他那只可愛的小狗喂水。

（2）充滿水；充滿淚水；流口水：
He felt sad and his eyes watered a little.
他感到難過，眼睛有點(diǎn)兒濕潤了。
Ice cream always makes his mouth water.
冰淇淋總能讓他饞得淌口水。

（3）攙水沖淡；加水稀釋：
Someone had been watering the milk.
有人往牛奶里攙了水。
He always waters drinks and sells them to tourists.
他總是在飲料里攙水并將之賣給游客們。

練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises

Lesson 126

A
1 Does she have to decide immediately?
She doesn't have to decide immediately.
2 Must she decide immediately?
She needn't decide immediately.

3 Do we have to take a taxi?
We don't have to take a taxi.
4 Must we take a taxi?
We needn't take a taxi.

B
1 I have to telephone him, too.
2 Mary has to wait for him, too.

3 Jim has to meet her ,too.
4 Tom and Mary have to travel by ship, too.

C
1 Do you really have to telephone him?
2 Does Mary really have to wait for him?

3 Does Jim really have to meet her?
4 Do Tom and Mary really have to travel by ship?

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