1.對話
根據(jù)對話聽力的設(shè)題特點(diǎn)，我認(rèn)為在解答對話聽力理解題時同學(xué)們應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
1)提前閱讀選項(xiàng)，判斷問題所屬，從而集中精力于有關(guān)信息。
2)注意根據(jù)信息詞匯判斷地點(diǎn)和說話人的身份職業(yè)等。
當(dāng)同學(xué)們看到四個地點(diǎn)和職業(yè)名詞時，大腦中就應(yīng)該馬上出現(xiàn)與這些地點(diǎn)或職業(yè)相關(guān)的一系列詞語，在聽的過程中注意提到了什么信息詞語，這樣就可輕松地判斷談話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)，說話人的職業(yè)或身份，以及談話雙方的關(guān)系。
為此，同學(xué)們有必要了解與各種職業(yè)和地點(diǎn)行業(yè)有關(guān)的信息詞匯，如：
飯店:menu, order, waitress, waiter, take order, go Dutch, It's my treat等; AA(acting appointment)
旅館:check in/out, make a reservation, register, reception desk等;
醫(yī)院:physician, doctor, nurse, operation-room, emergency room, visiting
hours, prescribe, pill等;
銀行：open an account, withdraw, deposit, saving, cash a check等;
飛機(jī)/機(jī)場：flight, safety-belt, boarding card, captain, airhostess, airline, take off, land, crash等。
3)注意加減運(yùn)算，聽到的不是答案
在涉及時間、距離、金錢等數(shù)量概念的聽力中，一般都要求同學(xué)們進(jìn)行加減方面的運(yùn)算，很少是聽到什么就是什么。有時，計(jì)算可能會麻煩些，同學(xué)們可以先將聽到的時間等記下，等有時間再計(jì)算。在計(jì)算題中應(yīng)特別注意以下數(shù)字的讀音差別：
13---30 14-40 15 --- 50 16 --- 60 17 -70 18 -80 19 -90
選項(xiàng)中會有這種數(shù)字讀音差別的考查。如：
W: when does the next train leave?
M: You have just missed one by 5 minutes. Trains leave every 50
minutes, so you'll have to wait for a while.
Q: How long does the woman have to wait for the next train?
A. 45 minutes. B. 50 minutes. C. 10 minutes. D. 5 minutes.
如果把50minutes 聽成了15 minutes，就會誤選選項(xiàng)C。
4)注意記筆記，將人物、地點(diǎn)、時間等對號入座
聽力測試中的另外一種現(xiàn)象就是，四個選項(xiàng)中的人物、地點(diǎn)、時間或事件等在對話中可能都有提及。在這種情況下，同學(xué)們所需要的不是尋找信息詞，而是注意將四個選項(xiàng)與對話中提及的信息對號入座。如：
?、?W: Do you enjoy life in Washington?
M: Yes, indeed. I'm planning to move to New York or Boston.
Anyway, I've never regretted my earlier decision.
Q: Where does the man live now?
A. In New York. B. In Boston C. In Newport D. In Washington
四個地點(diǎn)對話中提到了三個，具體是哪一個，同學(xué)們在聽的時候應(yīng)注意分辨。
?、贛: Please buy two packs of cigarettes for me while you are at the store.
W:I am not going to any store. I'm going to see Aunt Mary. But I
will get them for you at the gas station.
Q: Where will the woman stop on her way?
A. At a cigarette store. B. At a bus station.
C. At a gas station. D. At Aunt Mary's
?、跰: I'd like to make two reservations on Flight 651 for June 8th.
W: I'm sorry, we're booked up on the 8th. But we still have a few
seats available on June 9th.
Q: When does the man want to leave?
A. On the 6th of June. B. On the 8th of June. C. On the 9th of June. D. On the 19th of June
如果地點(diǎn)不含職業(yè)性的對比，一般就很可能屬于這里所介紹的類型，那么同學(xué)們所做的就是分別。
5)從語法入手、從短語含義入手，判斷隱含之意
在四級聽力中?？疾榈降恼Z法是建議和虛擬語氣。要求同學(xué)們判斷建議是什么，虛擬中含義是什么。就建議而言，同學(xué)們只需注意建議的各種表達(dá)方式，就可解答這類聽力題;至于虛擬語氣，我想同學(xué)們可以記住這樣一條規(guī)律：
與所聽到的相反的就是答案。
6) 概括與具體，具體與抽象相對，概括的、抽象的是解
這類題主要是話題的選擇，也包括一些對整個事件的評價(jià)等。如：
① W: We all talk about how liberated we are, but in fact woman are still not treated equally.
M:I don't think so. You've got the vote, you've got your careers
I think you've got everything important.
Q: What are they talking about?
A. The woman's job as a librarian. B. Woman's rights in society.
C. An important election. D. Career planning.
談?wù)摰脑掝}應(yīng)是一個抽象的概括性的東西，所以答案是B。
?、贛: This has been the worst flood for the past 20 years. It has caused much damage and destruction.
W: Look at the price of fruits and vegetables. No wonder they are expensive.
Q: What are they talking about?
A. The effects of the flood. B. The heroic fight against flood.
C. The cause of the flood. D. Floods of the past twenty years.
能夠概括對話中物價(jià)上漲的應(yīng)該是A。
7)肯定與不肯定相對，含義不肯定的是解
這一技巧用于解答說話者言外之意的聽力題。如：
?、賅:I intend to buy some fruits for the children. These apples and
pears seem to be in season. I'll get two dozen of each.
M: I hope they're as good as they look.
Q: What does the man mean?
A. The apples and pears might no be so good. B. The apples are not as good as the pears.
C. The apples and pears are very good. D. The apples and pears are as good as they look.
hope的使用說明答案應(yīng)該是不太可能的選項(xiàng)，自然是A。
②W: If this weather keeps up, I'm going to have to buy a warmer coat.
M: Sounds like a good idea. Spring is still a long way off, you know.
Q: What does the man mean?
A. The woman should wait to buy new clothes. B. The cold weather will probably continue.
C. The weather will warm up soon. D. He already has a warm coat.
Sounds like a good idea說明了語氣的不可能，答案應(yīng)該是B。
8)"同意"是解
一般情況下，如果四個選項(xiàng)中有一個表示"同意"的概念，那么，此選項(xiàng)就是正確選項(xiàng)。如：
?、?W: It's a wonderful film, isn't it?
M: You can say that again.
Q: What does the man mean?
A. He agrees with the woman. B. He didn't hear what the woman said.
C. He is surprised by her opinion. D. He thinks she should look at it again.
?、?M: This is the longest assignment we've had all semester.
W: You're telling me. We'll be lucky if we can do half of it.
Q: What does the woman say about the assignment?
A. She has done half of it already. B. She agrees that it is very long.
C. They have all semester to do it. D. There's nothing wrong with it.
請同學(xué)們注意以下表示同意對方觀點(diǎn)的常用語。如果聽到這些，就可以選擇含有"同意"的選項(xiàng)：
You said it.
You can say that again.
You are telling me.
You may/might well say so.
I'll say.
I couldn't agree more.
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