巧解新托福(TOEFL)閱讀考試中詞匯類問題(二)

☆ 數(shù)字/時間

Example: OG Practice Set 3, question 11

Passage 6: With the advent of projection, the viewer’s relationship with the image was no longer private, as it had been with earlier peepshow devices such as the Kinetoscope and the Mutoscope, which was a similar machine that reproduced motion by means of successive images on individual photographic cards instead of strips of celluloid. It suddenly became public –an experience that the viewer shared with dozens, score, and even hundreds of others. At the same time, the image that the spectator looked at expanded from the minuscule peepshow dimensions of 1 or 2 inches (in height) to the life-size proportions of 6 or 9 feet.

The word expanded in the passage is closest in meaning to

○ was enlarged

○ was improved

○ was varied

○ was rejected

解析：expanded所在的文章句子中出現(xiàn)從“1 or 2 inches”到“6 or 9 feet”，因此我們可以輕而易舉得出expanded在文章中上下文意思為 was enlarged。

☆ 標點線索

Example: OG Practice Set 3, question 4

Passage 3: Exhibitors, however, wanted to maximize their profits, which they could do more readily by projecting a handful of films to hundreds of customers at a time (rather than one at a time) and by charging 25 to 50 cents admission…

The word readily in the passage is closest in meaning to

○ frequently

○ easily

○ intelligently

○ obviously

解析：readily 在的文章句子中出現(xiàn)表示附加或補充信息的圓括號()，根據(jù)圓括號中的內容，我們可以得出readily在此句中的意思為easily。

☆ 構詞法

根據(jù)構詞法，單詞的結構有三部分：前綴(prefixes)，詞干(stems)和后綴(suffixes)。詞干是單詞的構成基礎，前綴和后綴則分別加在詞干的前面和后面，從而改變單詞的詞性和含義。而前綴、后綴和詞干都有其固定含義，因此根據(jù)構詞法，我們就可以利用其固定含義來判斷生詞的意思。

Example: OG NINETEENTH-CENTURY POLITICS IN THE UNITED STATES

Passage 1: …During his administration he immeasurably enlarged the power of the presidency…

The word immeasurably in the passage is closest in meaning to

○ frequently

○ greatly

○ rapidly

○ reportedly

解析：immeasurably一詞的詞根為measure(測量、度量), 詞綴分別為im-(不)，-able(能…的)，-ly (由形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~)。因此我們可以判斷immeasurably一詞在此句中的意思為greatly。

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