發(fā)布時間: 2016年05月19日
課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1.a(chǎn) plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel
建造一條長21英里的隧道的計劃
twenty-one-mile作 tunnel的修飾語,注意 mile為單數(shù)。plan for 名詞/動名詞表示“……的計劃”:
They always make plans for their holidays, but, in the end, they always stay at home.
他們總是為假期制訂各種計劃,但是,末了,他們總是呆在家里。
He came with a plan for (building) a bridge over the river.
他帶來了在這條河上建一座橋的計劃。
2.serve as
充當(dāng),起……的作用(也可以說 serve for)
The books on the floor may serve as/for a carpet.
地板上的書可充當(dāng)?shù)靥河昧恕?/span>
This sofa can serve as/for (a) bed.
這張沙發(fā)可以當(dāng)床用。
3.a(chǎn) better plan was put forward
提出了一項更好的計劃
put forward為固定短語,可分開用,其含義之一是“提出(計劃、建議等)”:
You know they wouldn't accept your plan. Why did you put it forward?
你知道他們不會接受你的計劃。你為什么要提出來呢?
Has he put forward any suggestion?
他提出什么建議了嗎?
4.He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built.
他提議建一條雙軌隧道。
suggest后面跟從句時,從句的謂語動詞形式為 should(可省略) 動詞原形(cf.第63課語法):
He suggested (that) they (should) change the plans.
他建議他們改變計劃。
suggest后面也可以跟名詞或動名詞形式。(cf.第47課詞匯學(xué)習(xí))
5.It was officially opened on March 7, 1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.
它于1994年3月7日正式開通,將英國與歐洲大陸連到了一起。
現(xiàn)在分詞 connecting 引導(dǎo)的短語相當(dāng)于一個并列分句。connect表示“連接”、“連結(jié)”,可與to或with連用:
This road connects the willage with/to London.
這條公路連接著這個村子與倫敦。
The lake and the canal are connected by a river.
這個湖與運(yùn)河之間由一條小河相連。
語法 Grammar in use
第3類條件句
(1)在第16課的語法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了用第1類條件句表示將來很可能發(fā)生的事:
If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it.
一旦你把汽車停錯了地方,交通警便很快就會發(fā)現(xiàn)。
在第40課的語法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了用第2類條件句談?wù)撓胂裰械那闆r或描寫完全不可能的事:
If you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!
如果你多吃點(diǎn),少說點(diǎn),我們兩個都會吃得好的!
If I were you, I would not go to London tomorrow.
如果我是你,我明天就不去倫敦。(婉轉(zhuǎn)的建議)
(2)第3類條件句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)與前兩類都不一樣,if從句需用過去完成時,主句用would have/should have 過去分詞形式:
If it had rained, we would have stayed at home.
要是下雨,我們就會呆在家里了。
第3類條件句在if從句里設(shè)想純粹想像的事情,在主句里講述想像的結(jié)果。它與第2類條件句有一定的相似之處。但是,第3類條件句所談的是沒有或永遠(yuǎn)不可能有的結(jié)果,因?yàn)樗鼈冎傅氖沁^去沒有過的事情。它們是所謂的“假設(shè)條件句”:
If I had worked harder at school, I'd have go a better job.
要是我上學(xué)時勤奮一些,我就會有較好的工作了。(事實(shí)是現(xiàn)在的工作不太好)
在 if從句中可用 could have 過去分詞代替 had been able to 動詞原形。
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