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發(fā)布時間: 2016年05月12日

英語四級聽力試題的命題規(guī)律和解題技巧

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英語四級聽力試題的命題規(guī)律和解題技巧

1.對話

聽力部分一般是20個小題,由A和B兩部分組成。第一部分通常是10個對話,每個對話設一個小題,要求同學們根據對話內容從四個選項中選擇正確答案。

2.短文

B部分有兩種形式,一是聽短文。一般是三篇120-140字之間的短文,每篇短文后有三到四個問題,共10道小題。該部分主要測試同學們的整體理解能力。

3.復合式聽寫

B部分的另一種是復合式聽寫。復合式聽寫由兩部分組成。一是單詞聽寫,要求同學們毫無差錯地填出短文所缺單詞。另一種是補全信息。一般是,每段的第一句主題句已經給出,要求填出具體細節(jié)內容說明主題,可以使用聽到的原話,也可以使用自己的語言。

二、四六級英語聽力的命題規(guī)律和測試重點

1. 對話

對話部分考查的重點有:

1) 地點

根據對話內容判斷對話發(fā)生的地點或對話中所提事件發(fā)生的地點是四六級英語聽力測試中常見的也是比較重要的一個題型。地點題一般有以下幾種:

(1)根據信息詞設題

① W: Dear, I feel hungry now. How about you?

M: So do I.Let me call room service.Hello,room service.Please

send a menu to 320 right away.

Q: Where are the two speakers?

A. In a hotel. B. At a dinner table.

C. In the street. D. At the man‘s house.

該題通過hungry 和menu來迷惑同學們,引導大家選擇B,其實,本題所借助的信息詞是room service 和320這個房間號,答案是A.

② M: Can you stay for dinner?

W: I’d love to. But I have to go and send some registered mail

before picking up the children from school.

Q: Where will the woman go first?

A. To the school B. To a friend‘s house.

C. To the post office. D. Home

本題借助registered mail設題,答案是C.但這里同樣也有地點的辨析問題,要求同學們能聽出是“首先到……地方”。

③ M: Excuse me,I’m looking for the emergency room.I thought that

it was on the first floor.

W: It is. This is the basement.Take the elevator one flight up

and turn left.

Q: Where did the conversation most probably take place?

A. In a library B. In a hotel.

C. In a hospital. D. In an elevator

本題設題所依據的信息詞是emergency room,只要考生了解其語域就可判斷答案為C.

(2)借助對話中提到的多個地點設題

有時對話中提到的地點不只一個,這時,一般是將所有的地點都包括在選項之中。這種情況下,同學們不必考慮信息詞問題,只要能將地點與其相關事件聯(lián)系起來就可確定答案。如:

① M: I did not see our boss yesterday. Has he come back?

W: He was just back from France besides visiting Britain,

Germany,and Spain.

Q: Which country did the woman visit first?

A. France B. Britain C. Germany D. Spain

四個地點都是訪問過的地點,要求同學們能夠分清先后。答案為B.

② M: Will Mr. Smith come to the party at the weekend?

W: He‘ll be supposed to,,but he won’t be back from his trip

until the next week.

Q: Where will Mr. Smith be on Saturday?

A. At the party B. At home

C. Still on his trip D. Back from his trip.

本題是將地點與時間連在一起,要求同學們在聽的同時注意區(qū)別每個事件所發(fā)生的時間,答案為C.

2) 職業(yè)、身份

根據說話內容判斷說話者的身份和職業(yè)是四六級聽力測試中又一常見題型。該題型的題項設計有兩種:

(1)說話者自身的身份或職業(yè)

根據談話內容判斷說話者一方的職業(yè)或身份:

① W: Good evening,Professor David.My name is Susan Gray.I‘m with

the local newspaper.Do you mind if I ask you a few questions?

M: Not at all. Go ahead, please.

Q: What is Susan Gray.

A. A writer. B. A teacher. C. A reporter. D. A student.

由local newspaper可以判斷說話者是位記者,在采訪。

② M: How about the food I ordered? I’ve been waiting for 20 minutes

already.

W: I‘m very sorry, sir. I’ll be back with your order in a minute.

Q: Who is the man most probably speaking to?

A. A shop assistant. B. A telephone operator

C. A waitress. D. A clerk.

與order有關的自然是waitress,答案為A.

(2)說話雙方之間的關系

該題型是上一題型的延伸,要求同學們能判斷說話者雙方的身份,問題經常是 What‘s the relationship between the two speakers?

① W: How long will it take you to fix my watch?

M: I’ll call you when it‘s ready. But it shouldn’t take longer

than a week.

Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Librarian and student. B. Operator and caller.

C. Boss and secretary. D. Customer and repairman.

既然女士讓男的fix my watch,說明對方是repairman,而自己是customer.

② M: Sorry to trouble you.But is there any possibility of borrowing

a blanket? I feel cold.

W: I think we‘ve got one. Could you wait until after take-off

please?

Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?

A. A guest and a receptionist.

B. A passenger and an air hostess.

C. A customer and a shop assistant.

D. A guest and a waitress.

take-off一詞的使用說明女的是空姐,答案自然是B.

可以看出,職業(yè)、身份以及說話雙方關系的選擇所依據的同樣是信息詞。當然,要判斷雙方的關系,還可以從說話的方式入手。如:

M: Make thirty copies for me and twenty copies for Mr. Brown.

W: Certainly sir. As soon as I make the final corrections on the

original.

Q: What’s the relationship between the two speakers?

A. Boss and secretary. B. Lawyer and client.

C Teacher and student. D. Nurse and patient.

兩人間說話的語氣和方式表明是“老板與秘書”的關系。

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