發(fā)布時(shí)間: 2016年05月12日
一、初識后置譯法
英語中很多定語從句都是為了連接兩個(gè)具有共同名詞的句子而存在的,因此在翻譯時(shí)最好分為兩個(gè)分句。而對于起限定作用的定語從句,如果結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜,句子太長,無法譯成前置定語,最好就是譯成一個(gè)后置的并列分句,這樣會更合乎漢語的習(xí)慣。
【例】
Our war against terror is a contest of will in which perseverance is power.
我們的反恐戰(zhàn)爭是一場意志力的較量。在這場較量中,不屈不撓的精神就是力量。
I propose to offer a theory which , as far as I am aware , has not previously been set forth , that only those animals capable of speech are capable of laughter , and that therefore man, being the only animal that speaks , is the only animal that laughs.
我試圖提出一種理論,這種理論就我所知,還未曾有人提出過,那就是:只有能說話的動物才會笑。人是唯一能說話的動物,所以也是唯一會笑的動物。
二、后置翻譯的方法
1.后置譯法一
結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜的定語從句,經(jīng)常翻譯為后置的并列分句,在多數(shù)情況下要重點(diǎn)的翻譯先行詞,當(dāng)句子不長時(shí),出于某種原因需要強(qiáng)調(diào)先行詞時(shí),也需要重譯先行詞。
【例】
Two factors are particularly important in the history of inventions .One is the part played by inspiration , which can be far more vital than that of careful research.
在發(fā)明史上有兩個(gè)因素特別重要。其一是靈感的作用,這可能比苦心鉆研的作用要重要的多。
Days and nights are very long on the moon , where one day is as long as two weeks on the earth.
在月亮上,白天和黑天都相當(dāng)長,月亮上的一天等于地球上的兩周。
2.后置譯法二
有些定語從句漢譯時(shí)翻譯成后置成分,但不可重譯先行詞,譯文仍然符合漢語習(xí)慣。
I was contemptuously dismissed as a novice who had not read the great first volume of Marx’s Capital.
他們輕蔑地說我是個(gè)新手,連馬克思的《資本論》第一卷這部重要著作也沒讀過。
Both picnics and barbeques are friendly , informal social events that offer an opportunity to enjoy a meal outside in pleasant surroundings.
野餐和燒烤都是友情洋溢、不拘禮節(jié)的社交活動,可以讓大家在戶外一個(gè)怡情的環(huán)境里高高興興地美餐一頓。
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