狀語從句總結(jié)及練習(xí)

由從句擔(dān)任的狀語，在句子中可修飾謂語(或其它動詞)、形容詞、副詞或是整個句子，它可以用來表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等。狀語從句是一較大的語法項目，也是近幾年高考題中常見的一個重要試點。高考中已考查了時間、讓步、地點、條件、目的等狀語從句，這些從句仍是今后高考熱點，應(yīng)作充分準備。同時對方式狀語從句也應(yīng)引起重視。

　　(一)時間狀語從句

　　表示時間的狀語從句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner than, hardly (scarcely) when, every time等引導(dǎo)。

　　e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.

　　He started as soon as he received the news.

　　Once you see him, you will never forget him.

　　No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.

　　(二)原因狀語從句

　　原因狀語從句是表示原因或理由的，引導(dǎo)這類從句的最常用的連詞是because, since, as , now that(既然)等，for 表示因果關(guān)系時(它引導(dǎo)的不是從句)為并列連詞，語氣不如because強。

　　e.g. He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.

　　As it is raining, I will not go out.

　　Now that you mention it, I do remember.

　　(三)地點狀語從句

　　引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句的連詞是where 和wherever等。

　　e.g. Sit wherever you like.

　　Make a mark where you have a question.

　　(四)目的狀語從句

　　引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句最常用的詞(組)是so, so that(從句謂語常有情態(tài)動詞), in order that, in case(以防，以免)等。

　　e.g. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.

　　She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.

　　He left early in case he should miss the train.

　　(五)結(jié)果狀語從句

　　結(jié)果狀語從句是表示事態(tài)結(jié)果的從句，通常主句是原因，從句是結(jié)果。由so that (從句謂語一般沒有情態(tài)動詞), so that, such that等引導(dǎo)。

　　e.g. She was ill, so that she didnt attend the meeting.

　　He was so excited that he could not say a word.

　　She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.

　　(六)條件狀語從句

　　條件狀語從句分真實性(有可能實現(xiàn)的事情)與非真實性(條件與事實相反或者在說話者看來不大可能實現(xiàn)的事情)條件句。引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的詞(組)主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意：條件從句中的if 不能用whether替換。

　　e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.

　　You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.

　　So far as I know(據(jù)我所知), he will be away for three months.

　　You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you dont go too far away from the river bank.

　　If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.

　　(七)讓步狀語從句

　　讓步狀語從句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether or, no matter who (when, what, ) 等引導(dǎo)。注意：as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句一般是倒裝的。

　　e.g. Though he is a child, he knows a lot.

　　Child as he is, he knows a lot.

　　Whatever ( = No matter what ) you say, Ill never change my mind.

　　(八)方式狀語從句

　　方式狀語從句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引導(dǎo)。

　　e.g. You must do the exercise as I show you.

　　He acted as if nothing had happened.

　　(九)比較狀語從句

　　比較狀語從句常用than, so (as) as, the more the more等引導(dǎo)。

　　e.g. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.

　　He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.

　　The busier he is, the happier he feels.

　　(十)使用狀語從句時要注意的幾個問題

　　1.在時間和條件(有時也在方式、讓步等)從句中，主句是一般將來時，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。

　　e.g. Well go outing if it doesnt rain tomorrow.

　　Ill write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.

　　2.有些時間、地點、條件、方式或讓步從句，如果從句的主語與主句主語一致(或雖不一致，是it)，從句的謂語又包含動詞be ，就可省略從句中的主語 be部分。

　　e.g. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.

　　If (you are) asked you may come in.

　　If (it is) necessary Ill explain to you again.

　　3.注意區(qū)分不同從句：引導(dǎo)的是什么從句，不僅要根據(jù)連詞，還要根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意來判別。以where為例，能引導(dǎo)多種從句。

　　e.g. You are to find it where you left it.(地點狀語從句)

　　Tell me the address where he lives.(定語從句，句中有先行詞)

　　I dont know where he came from.(賓語從句)

　　Where he has gone is not known yet.(主語從句)

　　This place is where they once hid.(表語從句)

　　練習(xí)、狀語從句

　　(一)用橫線劃出下列句子中的狀語從句，并指出是哪種狀語從句：

　　1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things.

　　2. The more I can do for the class, the happier Ill be.

　　3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it.

　　4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.

　　5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.

　　6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

　　7. Where there is water, there is life.

　　8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.

　　9. Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.

　　10. Even if (though) I fail. Ill never lose heart.

　　11. Once you begin the work, you must continue.

　　12. I will find her wherever she may be.

　　13. Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.

　　14. He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.

　　15. We must do everything as he tells us.

　　16. India is much bigger than Japan.

　　17. No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.

　　18. As (So) long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.

　　(二)用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空：

　　1. Dr. Bethune (白求恩) came to China __________ he was fifty.

　　2. He began to work __________ he got there.

　　3. Let's begin our meeting __________everyone is here.

　　4. I like the English people, __________ I don't like their food.

　　5. __________ you go in China, you can see smiling faces.

　　6. He didn't come to the lecture, __________ he was very busy.

　　7. __________we had enough time, we walked to the cinema.

　　8. They will help you __________ you meet with difficulty.

　　9. _________ we came to the university, we have learnt quite a lot.

　　10.I didn't join them yesterday evening __________ I had to go to an important meeting.

　　11. We would try to get a car __________we could all travel together more easily.

　　12. She wouldn't forget her mother's birthday __________ she seldom wrote to her family.

　　13. We're doing everything we can to make things as easy for you ___________we can.

　　14. The meeting became so disorderly __________ the speaker had to shout the audience down.

　　15. He was angrier __________ ever before.

　　16. __________ you lock all the doors, he can still manage to get in.

　　17. The boy was so tired __________ he fell asleep on the bus.

　　18. Hard _________ he tried, he couldnt force the door open.

　　(三)選擇填空：

　　1. Ill let you know ____ he comes back.

　　A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although

　　2. She will sing a song ____ she is asked.

　　A. if B. unless C. for D. since

　　3. We will work ____ we are needed.

　　A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever

　　4. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you.

　　A. so that B. if C. when D. although

　　5._____ you go, don't forget your people.

　　A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever

　　6. It is about ten years _____ I met you last.

　　A. since B. for C. when D. as

　　7. They will never succeed, _____ hard they try.

　　A. because B. however C. when D. since

　　8. _____ still half drunk, he made his way home.

　　A. When B. Because C. Though D. As

　　9. _____ she was very tired, she went on working.

　　A. As B. Although C. Even D. In spite of

　　10. Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you.

　　A. as B. when C. since D. for

　　11. I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.

　　A. though B. although C. as if D. when

　　12. _____ we got to the station, the train had left already.

　　A. If B. Unless C. Since D. When

　　13. _____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station.

　　A. Before B. Unless C. As soon as D. Though

　　14. She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch.

　　A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as

　　15. We didnt go home _____ we finished the work.

　　A. since B. until C. because D. though

　　16. I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back.

　　A. even if B. as though C. because D. until

　　17. Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field.

　　A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they

　　18. Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.

　　A. since B. so that C. for D. because

　　19. You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up.

　　A. unless B. as C. if D. until

　　20. When you read the book, you' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.

　　A. at which B. at where C. the place D. where

　　21. We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.

　　A. and B. but C. as D. unless

　　22. I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.

　　A. until B. unless C. when D. before

　　23._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.

　　A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even

　　24. I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.

　　A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless

　　25. _____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.

　　A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where

　　26. What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram?

　　A. when B. that C. though D. however

　　27. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.

　　A. although B. even though C. so that D. since

　　28. You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.

　　A. that B. though C. unless D. if

　　29. Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.

　　A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though

　　30. More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.

　　A. than B. when C. while D. as

　　31._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.

　　A. Much B. However C. As D. Although

　　32. Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.

　　A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever

　　33. The child was __ immediately after supper.

　　A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bed

　　C. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed

　　34. The history of nursing __ the history of man.

　　A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as

　　35. _____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.

　　A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although

　　36._____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.

　　A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of

　　37. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _____ his father died.

　　A. than B. as C. while D. when

　　38. _____ David goes, he is welcome.

　　A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D. Whatever

　　39. The house stood _____ there had been a rock.

　　A. which B. at which C. when D. where

　　40. Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.

　　A. because B. so C. if D. as

　　41. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _____ tractors in 1988 as the year before.

　　A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as

　　42. The piano in the other shop will be _____, but _____.

　　A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as better

　　C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good

　　43. John plays football _____, if not better than, David.

　　A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as

　　44. Although he is considered a great writer,

　　A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read

　　C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read

　　45. ___ the day went on, the weather got worse.

　　A. With B. Since C. While D. As

　　46.—What was the party like?

　　—Wonderful. It' s years _____ I enjoyed myself so much.

　　A. after B. when C. before D. since

　　47. It was not _____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.

　　A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then

　　48. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _____ great it is.

　　A. what B. how C. however D. whatever

　　49. After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.

　　A. that B. where C. which D. when

　　50._____, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.

　　A. However late is he B. However he is late

　　C. However is he late D. However late he is

　　51. He will come to call on you the moment he ____ his painting.

　　A. will finish B. finished C. has finished D. had finished

　　52. ____ difficult the task may be, we will try our best to complete it in time.

　　A. No matter B. No wonder C. Though D. However

　　53. It was ____ that she couldnt finish it by herself.

　　A. so difficult a work B. such a difficult work C. so difficult work D. such difficult work

　　參考答案

　　語法復(fù)習(xí)六：狀語從句

　　(一)

　　1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things. 讓步

　　2. The more I can do for the class, the happier Ill be.比較

　　3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it.方式

　　4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.結(jié)果

　　5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.條件

　　6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.時間

　　7. Where there is water, there is life.地點

　　8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.目的

　　9. Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.原因

　　10. Even if (though) I fail, Ill never lose heart.讓步

　　11. Once you begin the work, you must continue.時間

　　12. I will find her wherever she may be. 讓步

　　13. Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.原因

　　14. He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.結(jié)果

　　15. We must do everything as he tells us.方式

　　16. India is much bigger than Japan.比較

　　17. No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.讓步

　　18. As (So) long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.條件

　　(二)1. when; 2. as soon as; 3. as; 4. though; 5. Whwerever; 6. because; 7. Since; 8. whenever; 9. Since; 10. because; 11. so that; 12. though; 13. as; 14. that; 15. than; 16. Even if; 17. that; 18. as

　　(三)1~5 CADAC 6~10 ABCBA 11~15 DDCAB 16~20 DABAD 21~25 CABBA

　　26~30 BCCBD 31~35 BACDD 36~40 ADCDD 41~45 CCBAD 46~50 DBCBD

　　51~53 CDD